Engine Oil Basics: Level, Grade and When to Change It
Oil is the cheapest way to look after an engine. Checking it costs nothing and changing it on time costs far less than the damage of neglect.
What oil does
Motor oil lubricates the moving parts inside an engine. It is made from base oils enhanced with additives that, among other things, help keep the engine clean and reduce wear.
Checking the level
- Park on level ground and follow the manual on whether the engine should be warm or cold.
- Pull the dipstick, wipe it, reinsert fully and pull again.
- The level should sit between the two marks.
- Top up a little at a time with the correct oil, rechecking as you go.
Choosing the right oil
Use the viscosity grade and specification in the owner's manual. Many scooters and motorcycles with a wet clutch need oil made for motorcycles; car oil may not be suitable. The manual will say.
When to change it
Follow the interval in the manual, by distance or time, whichever comes first. Short trips, heavy traffic and dusty conditions often count as "severe use" and call for the shorter interval.
Old oil is hazardous waste
Never pour used oil down a drain. Garages and recycling centres accept it.
Checked 2026-10-20